Walker Y-Chromosome Project Analysis

Analysis done by L. David Roper
roperld@vt.edu
http://arts.bev.net/roperldavid
www.roperld.com

The data are:

These data are from http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~fabercove/test_results.htm. The numbers on the left are the kit numbers for Family Tree DNA. The last three rows are the median markers for the three groups of 170 families I define in Y-Chromosome Markers Families Comparisons.

DYS389I=DYS389a is subtracted from DYS389II to give DYS389b. If one does not do this one can get either one too many or one too few relative mutations. See Y-Chromosome Markers for Many Families.

The relative mutations among these individuals and the three groups are:

A way to look at the results is through a phylogenetic network. I use the free software of Fluxus Engineering (http://www.fluxus-engineering.com/sharenet.htm) to calculate and draw a network. (There are usually several possible networks for any given set of markers, but I present only the simplest looking one calculated by the program.) The phylogenetic network diagram is a visual way to see the genetic distances or relative mutations among the participants.

Another way to look at the results is through a phylogenetic network. I use the free software of Fluxus Engineering (http://www.fluxus-engineering.com/sharenet.htm) to calculate and draw a network. (The official brief instructions for using the program are at http://www.fluxus-engineering.com/netwinfaq.htm. I have some further instructions at Brief Instructions for Using the Phylogenetic Network Program) (There are usually several possible networks for any given set of markers, but I present only the simplest looking one calculated by the program.) The phylogenetic network diagram is a visual way to see the genetic distances or relative mutations among the participants.

A phylogenetic network for these individuals and the three groups is:

This is a reduced-median-median-joined calculation.

The size of a node indicates the number of individuals with the same markers values. We see that there is one group of Walkers in group G3. The other Walker groups are in group G2, the largest European group.

To create time-ordered phylograms of the various paleolithic groups, I use the PHYLIP Neighbor software, with the UPGMA option (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean), and the relative-mutations matrix to generate a tree file (*.tre) to be plotted by the TreeView software. (For a description of how I do it, see PHYLIPTreeViewUse.htm.)

Here is a time-ordered phylogram for the Walker families:

Present time is on the right. Note the horizontal scale of 1 relative mutations on the bottom left. 1 relative mutation is about 500 years; this is not accurate for small relative mutations.

To determine the haplogroups: